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超濾是介于微濾和納濾之間的一種膜過(guò)濾，它在實(shí)際應(yīng)用中一般以截留分子量表征，主要用于將溶液中的大分子、膠體和微粒與溶劑等小分子物質(zhì)進(jìn)行分離。目前，超濾的應(yīng)用領(lǐng)域主要涉及食品、飲料、生物醫(yī)藥、精細(xì)化工、工業(yè)廢水處理與回用等。
超濾膜的應(yīng)用
在我國(guó)，超濾技術(shù)的應(yīng)用在果汁澄清工藝中已占有主導(dǎo)地位。新壓榨出的果汁中含有果膠、果肉碎屑、淀粉、蛋白、固體懸浮物、微生物代謝等多種致使果汁渾濁的物質(zhì)。
采用超濾對(duì)果汁進(jìn)行澄清，可使其中的糖類(lèi)、有機(jī)酸和水等小分子透過(guò)膜，而截留其中多數(shù)大分子物質(zhì)，得到澄清無(wú)菌的果汁；超濾過(guò)程無(wú)須助濾劑、澄清劑；工藝過(guò)程短，人工費(fèi)用低；是較為經(jīng)濟(jì)有效的果汁澄清方法。
工業(yè)生產(chǎn)的酶制劑一般要進(jìn)行分離提純，傳統(tǒng)真空蒸發(fā)、溶劑萃取等方法存在著諸多弊端。
現(xiàn)在采用超濾技術(shù)進(jìn)行酶制劑的分離濃縮，則可在常溫下操作，克服熱對(duì)發(fā)酵產(chǎn)品品質(zhì)的影響；除去其中的小分子雜質(zhì)，保證濾液的純凈度和品質(zhì)的良好性；過(guò)濾過(guò)程無(wú)相變，能耗和成本較傳統(tǒng)方法都低；設(shè)備運(yùn)行簡(jiǎn)便，易于操作和控制，因而很快成為了生物制藥等行業(yè)分離濃縮工藝的首選。
Ultrafilteration is
a membrane filteration between microfilteration
and nano filteration , it is characterized by
the trapped molecular weight,mainly applied in
separating the macromolecule, colloid ,and fine
particles with micromolecule substances such as
dissolvent in the solution. At present ,the
application of the ultrafilteration involves in
food, drink, biology and medicine ,refine
chemical engineering , industrial sewage
treatment and reclamation.
Application of ultrafilteration membrane
In China, the application of the
ultrafilteration has taken a leading role in
juice clarification . Newly squeezed juice
contains various substances that lead to the
turbidity of the juice, such as pectin, pulp
debris, starch , protein ,solid suspended
matter, microbiological metabolism .The
ultrafilteration will infiltrate micromolecules
such as sugar , organic acid ,and water ,and
trap most of the macromolecules substances ,so
that the claricate and disinfected juice will be
gained;The ultrafilteration process is short and
can be carried out without filter aid,
clarificant, and the cost of it is low, it is an
economic way of clarifying the juice.
The zymin produced in the industry must be
separated, refined ,vacuum evaporated, and
solvent extracted ,which have many defects
The ultrafilteration is applied in the
separation and concentration of the zymin ,it
can be operated in the normal temperatures ,
overcome the effects heat does to the quality of
the fermented products, abstract small molecular
admixtures, and guarantees filtrates purity and
quality; Filtering process does not change, the
energy consumption and the cost compared with
the traditional method are lower; The equipment
running is simple, and is easy to operate and
the control, thus it quickly became
concentration separation craft the first choice
of concentration separation such as biology
medicine manufacture .
對(duì)進(jìn)水水質(zhì)要求
(1)渾濁度：＜5度
(2)顆粒：＜5µm
(3)懸浮物：＜3-5mg/L
(4)PH值：2-13
(5)溫度：＜45℃
(6)反清洗水：超濾水
on the quality of
feed water
(1)Opacity:＜5 degree
(2)Granulation:＜5µm
(3)Suspension:＜3-5mg/L
(4)PH value:2-13
(5)Temperature:＜45℃
(6)Counter purge water: ultrafilteration
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